Nobel Prize-winning computer scientist Geoffrey Hinton, known as the ‘godfather of artificial intelligence’, agrees with ...

This study presents SynaptoGen, a differentiable extension of connectome models that links gene expression, protein-protein interaction probabilities, synaptic multiplicity, and synaptic weights, and ...

Investopedia contributors come from a range of backgrounds, and over 25 years there have been thousands of expert writers and editors who have contributed. Thomas J. Brock is a CFA and CPA with more ...

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...

Using backpropagation to compute gradients of objective functions for optimization has remained a mainstay of machine learning. Backpropagation, or reverse-mode differentiation, is a special case ...