The K-index, and by extension the Planetary K-index, are used to characterize the magnitude of geomagnetic storms. Kp is an excellent indicator of disturbances in the Earth's magnetic field and is ...

This is a prediction of the intensity and location of the aurora borealis tonight and tomorrow night over North America. This product is based on the OVATION model and uses the maximum forecast ...

The NOAA Space Weather Scales were introduced as a way to communicate to the general public the current and future space weather conditions and their possible effects on people and systems. Many of ...

Solar wind data refers to in situ magnetic field, solar wind plasma, and particle data from any spacecraft located upwind of Earth, typically orbiting the L1 Lagrange point, that is available to SWPC ...

The Station A and K indices show the fluctuations in the magnetic field, tied to specific geographic locations. The indices have a range from 0 to 9 and are directly related to the maximum amount of ...

Similar to the bulletins put out by the NWS local forecast offices, SWPC provides Alerts, Watches and Warnings to the public at large about what to expect from Space Weather. These bulletins are ...

SWPC has issued a G3 (Strong) or greater geomagnetic storm warning valid until 10/2359 UTC. The solar wind environment became strongly enhanced following the arrival of a CME from 08 Oct at around ...

As part of the Space Weather Prediction Center's rollout of our improved website, the content from the old NOAA Space Weather Scales page is being provided in a new way.

The solar wind continuously flows outward from the Sun and consists mainly of protons and electrons in a state known as a plasma. Solar magnetic field is embedded in the plasma and flows outward with ...

The modeling system consists of two sub models: 1) Wang-Sheeley-Arge (WSA), semi-empirical near-Sun model which approximates the outflow at the base of the solar wind; and 2) Enlil, a sophisticated ...