McConnell Sign in Acute Pulmonary Embolism 1. Definition McConnell’s sign is an echocardiographic finding characterized by: Akinesia or severe hypokinesia of the mid right ventricular (RV) free wall With preserved normal contractility of the RV apex This pattern is called “apical sparing.” It is classically associated with acute massive or submassive pulmonary embolism, causing sudden RV pressure overload. --- 2. Significance & Specificity Diagnostic value: Specificity: Very high — around 94–98%

🫀 LCX Territory – Hypokinesia on Echocardiography 🔍 What It Means: ➥ Hypokinesia refers to reduced wall motion and thickening during systole. ➥ When it involves the LCX (Left Circumflex Artery) territory, it suggests that the posterolateral or lateral walls of the left ventricle are not contracting properly. 📍 LCX Supplies: Lateral wall (mid and basal segments) Posterolateral wall In some individuals, inferolateral segments (especially if LCX is dominant) 📐 Echo Views to Detect It: ✅ Apical

🫀 3CH View – Hypokinesia of Anterior and Anteroseptum Segments 🔍 What It Shows: The apical 3-chamber view (also called PLAX-like view from the apex) lets you visualize: ✅ Left ventricular anterior wall ✅ Anteroseptum ✅ Left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) ✅ Aorta and mitral valve ➥ Hypokinesia here means the anterior and anteroseptal segments move weakly during contraction. 📐 How Hypokinesia Appears: ➥ The affected segments fail to shorten or move inward adequately during systole. ➥ There is